Monthly Archives: June 2019

Engineering long-wavelength light-driven ion channels to hear the light

Artificial stimulation of the cochlea.

Optogenetics enables the remote control of neuronal activity by light. This is accomplished by channelrhodopsins, light-sensitive molecular switches, which are integrated into the neurons by adeno-associated viruses (AAVs)as gene ferries. AAVs are convenient and safe for gene

A new immune signature in people with Polycythemia vera: a modulator of disease progress?

A new immune signature in people with Polycythemia vera: modulator of disease progress

Polycythemia Vera (PV) is a disease in which your body makes too many red blood cells (RBC), whose main function is to transport oxygen from the lungs to all parts of your body. The many circulating RBC

Rethinking how we pay for conserving global biodiversity

Rethinking How We Pay for Conserving Global Biodiversity

In our article in Science, “How to pay for saving biodiversity”, my co-authors and I argue that it is time to rethink the global approach to saving the world’s remaining biodiversity and habitats. Twenty-five years after establishing

The pitfalls of PGT-A and scoring of mosaic embryos

The pitfalls of PGT-A and scoring of mosaic embryos

Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) or formerly known as preimplantation genetic screening (PGS), is genetic testing for numerical (aneuploidy) and structural chromosomal aberrations in IVF-embryos. Most aneuploidies including several structural chromosomal aberrations are not compatible with

Hearing loss in autoimmune disorders

Hearing Loss in Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a rare clinical entity accounting for less than 1% of all cases of hearing loss; however, this could be an underestimation based on the absence of specific diagnostic tests and the

Mitochondrial Complex I activity signals antioxidant response through ERK5

Mitochondrial Complex I activity signal

The vast majority of eukaryotic cells perform oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which uses the energy released by the mitochondrial oxidation of certain metabolites, i.e. glucose, to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). OXPHOS is highly efficient in energy production but

Adult-onset biotinidase deficiency

Adult-onset Biotinidase deficiency

Biotinidase is the enzyme that recycles the water-soluble vitamin, biotin, which is the coenzyme for four carboxylases that are involved in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and in the catabolism of several branch-chain amino acids. Biotinidase deficiency (BD)

Immunogenicity and safety of the new inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine Vaxigrip Tetra

Fig. 1. High-risk groups for influenza and flu–related complications

Influenza represents an acute viral respiratory disease caused by RNA-enveloped viruses. They belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family which comprises five genera, but only two (influenza A and B viruses) are of medical relevance in humans. Even though

In defense of Lady Windermere Syndrome

In Defense of Lady Windermere Syndrome

The eponym, Lady Windermere Syndrome (LWS), designates a disorder, exclusive to older women who are free of a predisposing lung disorder, caused by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare and characterized by disease limited to the lingula and/or the middle lobe

The voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.3, at the crossroads of glial functions in glioma

The voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.3, at the crossroads of glial functions in glioma

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most lethal cancers in adult humans, with a frequency of 6:100.000 people. Despite the current three-modality therapy, which includes surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, the clinical outcome of GBM patients remains

Genome editing in non-dividing cells: new strategies are required

CRISPR/Cas9 system

Although rare individually, genetic disorders collectively constitute a common health problem. As the cause of these diseases is a defective gene, gene therapy would be able to resolve all of these disorders. The most recent method of

We’re all afraid to die, even the young and faithful

We’re All Afraid to Die, Even the Young and Faithful

Fears of death and dying, sometimes called “death anxiety,” “thanatophobia,” or “mortality salience,” have long been studied in psychology and other fields. The topic is important and interesting because prior studies have shown death anxiety to be

Honey as a tool for tissue engineering

Honey as a tool for tissue engineering

Honey has a long and fascinating history. In fact, since Biblical times and before, honey has been utilized by humankind for its beneficial health effects. The ancient Egyptians, Assyrians, Chinese, Greeks and Romans utilized honey in the

Vagal stimulation for treating syncope by cardioneuroablation without pacemaker implantation

Vagal Stimulation for Treating Syncope by Cardioneuroablation without Pacemaker Implantation

The heart has a dense innervation that permanently regulates its activity. It is the autonomic nervous system, constituted by two antagonistic divisions, the parasympathetic and the sympathetic. The latter stimulates the heart, increasing cardiac rate and contraction

Your first year of college: How to survive?

Your first year of college: How to survive

Fortunately, dreams tend to come true. Yesterday, the global goal of your whole life was to go to college, and today, you are already a student. And this is not only fun, but it is also a

Molecular defense adopted by sea urchin embryos to cope with Nickel

Molecular defense adopted by sea urchin embryos to cope with Nickel

Nickel (Ni) is a natural constituent of the Earth’s crust and, together with its compounds, it is used in many industrial and commercial applications. At very low doses, Ni carries out many physiological roles in biochemical processes

High seroprevalence for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in ruminants in the absence of reported human cases

CCHFV seroprevalence in livestock in all regions in Bulgaria. District specific prevalence rates are indicated in the map

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe tick-borne zoonotic disease in humans caused by CCHF virus. Close contact with viraemic livestock was shown as one of the main causes of the infection. Detection of CCHF virus specific

Efficient catalyst-free removal technique of benzene in air using a vacuum ultraviolet excimer lamp

Benzene (C6H6) is a typical VOC (volatile organic compound) pollutant which is widely detected in the atmosphere of both indoor and industrial areas. Especially in indoor environment, it would make a great influence on human health for

Vitamin D deficiency is a sign of poor health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Vitamin D deficiency is a sign of poor health in COPD

Vitamin D is an important hormone in growth and bone metabolism. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide and causes growth retardation and rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. However, the role of vitamin D deficiency

Camphor biodegradation by Pseudomonas putida plays a key role in carbon cycling in the biosphere

Camphor biodegradation by Pseudomonas putida plays a key role in carbon cycling in the biosphere

The key role of microorganisms in promoting carbon cycling in the biosphere is well illustrated by the biodegradation of the natural plant terpenoid camphor by Pseudomonas putida ATCC 17453. Research has established that several different monooxygenases (cytochromeP450