Tag Archives: calcium
Method to measure calcium signaling in nanometer-sized primary cilia
Cilia are slender microtubule-based organelles that protrude from the apical membrane in most adherent cells. Studies looking into the mechanosensory function of the primary cilium have proved it to be an essential cellular organelle. When exposed to
Ketamine, not TPS potentiates glutamate-induced Ca neurotoxicity
There is growing concern about anaesthesia effects on the developing brain because commonly used anaesthetics can cause neurodegeneration and long-term neurocognitive deficits. In the developing brain, GABA-R agonists and NMDA-R antagonists cause neurotoxicity and apoptosis. Comparing their
Ca2+ dynamics and allosterism in synergistic action between Beta2-adrenergic agonists and muscarinic antagonists
G proteins (Gs, Gi)/large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels/L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ (VDC) channels linkage (Ca2+ dynamics) may play key roles in β2-adrenergic relaxation and muscarinic contraction in the airways. β2-Adrenergic receptor agonists and muscarinic receptor antagonists are
Calcium, strontium and barium elicit different patterns of exocytosis in chromaffin cells
We have studied three divalent cations (Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+) capable of eliciting secretion in adrenal chromaffin and other secretory cells. These cations enter the cells through voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels, yet Ba2+ and Sr2+ are poorly cleared from
Unlocking the gating mechanism of the piezo1 channel with a molecular key
Mechanosensitive Piezo channels are large membrane proteins present at the cell membrane of eukaryotic cells. These channels open in response to the presence of mechanical forces such as frictions that occur when extracellular fluids flow against the
Cellular stress and AMPK activators including metformin and the anesthetic drug propofol promote restoration of human consciousness
The neural mechanisms that give rise to human consciousness have been described as one of the greatest and most profound mysteries in all of modern medicine. The use of general anesthetics to induce loss of consciousness (LOC)
Disengaging ATF6 from DREAM for neuroprotection
To study early changes in neuronal function during the pre-symptomatic phase of a given neurodegenerative disease is very important. It could deliver early diagnostic markers, offer prognostic clues about disease progression and uncover novel therapeutic targets for
Cellular stress and AMPK links metformin and jumping genes with the creation of human life
The evolution of the human genome has been facilitated to a great extent by the activity of transposable elements (TEs), also known as “jumping genes”. As the name implies, TEs are DNA sequences capable of moving or
New gibberellin signaling pathway via Ca2+ signaling
Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that regulate many aspects of plant development including seed germination, stem elongation, flower induction, and anther development. Ca2+ is a ubiquitous second messenger involved in signal transduction of various environmental and developmental
Calcium ion by replacing magnesium ion unravels an unexpected role for the mitochondrial F1FO-ATPase
The F1FO-ATPase/synthase is universally known as a complex enzyme machinery which, embedded by the FO portion in the inner mitochondrial membrane and the catalytic F1 sector protruding in the matrix, matches the transmembrane proton flux which occurs
Astroglial magnetic fields and cortical neuronal coupling
In recent years, it has been demonstrated an increasing role of astrocytes in information processing and cognitive functions, which depends on the close relationship between neurons and astrocytes into the cerebral cortex. The mammalian cerebral cortex is
How plants transmit signals through alternate routes during stress conditions? CBL-CIPK mediated calcium signaling
One of the main characteristics of a plant life is sessile nature. Plants counter this frailty by evolving intricate and fast signaling system that can help in transferring stimuli at a very high rate. The phytohormone ABA
Emerging roles of cyclic nucleotide gated channels in plants
Plants are vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic stresses imposed in their respective growth environment. These stresses negatively affect the normal growth, development and productivity. Unlike animals, which can move to conditions conducive for growth and development;
A messenger and its disciples: Spreading stress messages in plant through Ca2+-CBL-CIPK network
The early life forms appeared on earth as entities that were covered by cellular membranes. These entities had a major problem from one of the abundant elements present in the earth- Calcium (Ca2+). Higher level of Ca2+
Regulation of ER Ca2+ homeostasis by disulfide reductase
Intracellular calcium is one of the most important second messengers for the regulation of various cellular processes including protein secretion, muscle contraction, gene transcription, protein degradation and apoptosis. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is not only the organelle
Skin cells help to find new drugs for dying neurons
Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited disease that causes the progressive death of nerve cells in the brain structure. In mid ages this leads to several symptoms including uncontrolled twitching movements, called chorea, emotional problems, and loss
Theophylline, a drug to treat asthma increases risk of fracture and causes vitamin D deficiency
Incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) of which asthma is the commonest manifestation is growing by leaps and bounds in two most populous countries, India and China due to rapid growth of industrialization and associated rise
Calcium disturbances in Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease is a common disorder of the brain that affects around 127,000 people in the UK alone. The disease is characterised by the loss of nerve cells (neurons) that control mobility. Symptoms include muscle stiffness, tremor
A new target in the fight against breast cancer
Cancer cells differ from normal cells in many ways, including their abnormal growth and their ability to change shape and migrate to other tissues. These differences are partly caused by changes in the production of proteins and
New insights in how nitrite can be involved in cardioprotection
Nitrite, an inorganic ion which abundantly occurs in green leaves and other vegetables, is known to help to prevent and counteract cardiovascular diseases, but the mechanisms involved are still partially unclear. In the attempt to cast light
