Tag Archives: disorder
Protein disorder in algal metabolism
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) or proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are peculiar proteins that escape from the classic structure-function paradigm. The principal feature of these IDPs/IDRs containing proteins is the absence of a unique stable conformation
Experiences of other identities and Dissociative Identity Disorders in the continuum of Non-Ordinary Mental Expressions
Dissociative Identity Disorders (DIDs) – including experiences of other identities, multiple personality and possession – are an intriguing topic entailing deep historical, cultural and epistemological implications that run through the entire history of the human kind. Indeed,
How can we measure problematic videogame use among adolescents?
Playing video games is currently one of the most frequent leisure activities in young people and adolescents, but it generates a social alarm because it is associated with negative consequences such as family or scholar problems, reduction
The Brief Post-Coma Scale (BPCS): an easy tool to assess responsiveness in disorders of consciousness
The Brief Post-Coma Scale (BPCS) is an easy diagnostic tool to differentiate patients with disorder of consciousness in the minimally conscious state (MCS) from those in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS), formerly defined as vegetative state (VS). The
Mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects ~2% of children in the United States. The etiology of autism spectrum disorder likely involves environmental factors triggering physiological abnormalities in genetically sensitive individuals. One of these major physiological abnormalities in children
Hearing loss in autoimmune disorders
Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a rare clinical entity accounting for less than 1% of all cases of hearing loss; however, this could be an underestimation based on the absence of specific diagnostic tests and the
Brain networks in major depressive disorder
Pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) is poorly understood, because it affects a broad range of motivational, emotional, and cognitive processes, which are difficult to disentangle. Thus, task performance differences between patients and healthy controls may relate
Molecular mechanisms of gastrointestinal disorders caused by general anesthesia
Nowadays it is impossible to imagine surgery procedures without general anesthesia. From the wide variety of general anaesthetics both intravenous (such as propofol, ketamine, fentanyl etc.) and inhalation anesthetics (such as isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane etc.) are some
Why is anxiety more common in women? Investigating sex differences in threat and safety learning
Anxiety-related disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are up to twice as common in women as in men but the reasons behind this remain unclear. People with PTSD often experience negative emotions like fear when reminded of
The tripartite cognitive model of panic disorder
Panic attacks (PA) are very common phenomena and represent a nonspecific risk factor for psychopathology. Approximately 5% of individuals who experience unexpected PA develop panic disorder (PD), a chronic clinical condition of recurrent unexpected PA and persistent
ADHD treatment: Does mindfulness matter?
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders of childhood. A significant number of individuals diagnosed with ADHD will continue to experience significant impairment into adolescence and early adulthood. Symptoms of ADHD include developmentally inappropriate
Family and bipolar disorder: where are we now?
Bipolar disorder is a mental illness characterized by severe high (mania or hypomania) and low (depression) moods that alternate with periods of relative stability (euthymia). Although the frequency and severity of the episodes vary from one individual
Rare disease day; 500 years ago
A rare disease is a life-threatening or chronically debilitating condition with a very low prevalence. Several institutions such as Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medical Agency (EMA) and Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) have put in place
What predicts who will do well in treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder?
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychological response following a traumatic event and affects about 8% of the population. Effective psychological treatments do exist and should be made available to anyone who is diagnosed with PTSD.
Reversibility of FXTAS
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome or FXTAS is a relatively unknown neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive development of tremor, ataxia, parkinsonism, and psychiatric problems. The cause of the disease is a so-called premutation in the FMR1 gene, located
Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder report sexual problems
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a distressing and disabling condition that can develop after experiencing a life threatening or horrifying experience such as an accident, disaster, or combat. Recent research shows that problems with sexual functioning may
Bioengineered human pyloric sphincters with functional muscle and nerves
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a hollow tube that primarily functions to mediate the digestion of the food that we eat into forms of energy and nutrients that the cells and our body can use. The appropriate
Loneliness matters for people with psychotic disorders
When you ask people with a psychotic disorder, like schizophrenia, what challenges them most in daily life they are likely to say – ‘loneliness’. As nearly everyone can attest, loneliness is painful. It’s the distressing feeling that
Eye movements: a window to the brain of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
In this paper we examined the accuracy and characteristics of eye movements in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and compared these to healthy, typically developing children. FASD may occur when a mother drinks alcohol during
High-Resolution chromosome ideogram representation of recognized genes for autism spectrum disorders
Classical autism which is termed as an autistic disorder belongs to the autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Autism was first coined in 1943 by Dr. Kanner. Individuals with ASD may be diagnosed as early as three years of
