Tag Archives: DNA
A molecular passport authorizes intracellular travel for a potential cancer therapy antibody
Whether from external environmental factors or spontaneous intracellular processes, the DNA in our cells is under constant bombardment by DNA damage. Because unrepaired DNA damage can cause cell death, our cells have evolved vital mechanisms to repair
A new link between oxidant stress and lung cancer
DNA repair protects our cells from conditions that cause damage to the genome, which can become a threat to the maintenance and function of our tissues. Our cells have a variety of DNA repair systems. Most frequent
A DNA repair gene, OGG1, polymorphism affects relapse risk of acute myeloid leukemia
Approximately 80% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients can achieve complete remission, but around half of them relapse within five years. Defining the mechanism of relapse is essential to improve the prognosis of AML. Recently, a clonal
Repetitive DNA in the ABCA7 gene influences Alzheimer’s disease
Dementia, which is characterized by decline of memory or other cognitive traits to the extent that a person’s daily functioning is affected, is one of the most important global health challenges of our time. Approximately 50 million
RNA-mediated epigenetic inheritance
The central dogma of molecular biology, which is still largely considered one of the most core fundamental concepts in the field, states that DNA is transcribed to RNA, which is then translated into protein. Although this statement
Sequencing of mtDNA of multiple single mitochondrion isolated from live cells identifies common heteroplasmic sites
Mitochondria are organelles present in all eukaryotic cells, including brain cells, and supply ATP required for cellular physiology through a series of redox reactions known as oxidative phosphorylation. They are unique in their requirement for expression of
An in-silico meta-analysis of cell-type-specific non-CpG methylation
Nowadays, the amount of raw data required for a genome-wide analysis is quite large and it is often difficult for even its original author(s) to spend enough time for its thorough analysis. Further, it would be practically
Coordination of DNA transcription and DNA replication by the DNA damage response through the Ddx19 RNA helicase
DNA transcription is a fundamental cellular process that allows gene expression through generation of messenger RNA molecules (mRNA) that are then translated into proteins in the cytoplasm of the cell. However when cells proliferate, another key cellular
Down to the last Drop: A single red blood cells is all that is needed to identify blood at a crime scene
DNA analysis is the great work horse of forensic investigations. However current tests to determine what should be sent for DNA analysis are not up to scratch. Current tests determine if a sample is a specific human
A novel mechanism by which viral integration drives cancer
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a group of about 200 DNA viruses that infect the skin, or the mucous membranes of the anus, genitals and oropharyngeal cavity. HPV infections are the most common sexually transmitted disease in the
New insights into the cause of Prader-Willi syndrome, a rare obesity-related genetic disorder
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genomic imprinting disorder caused by the loss of paternally expressed genes in the 15q11-q13 region usually due to a chromosome 15q11-q13 deletion seen in about 70 percent of those affected with
Molecular mechanism of phenotypic plasticity
Darwinian evolution is considered to be the way that life adapts in every possible environment in Earth. The great evolutionary biologist of the past century Theodosius Dobzansky used to say: “Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in
Donor in recipient – dangers in DNA profiling after allotransplantation
The incidence of cancers, which rank among some of the most common lifestyle diseases of the 21st century, is rising steadily year by year. The trend is attributable to the ageing of societies, increase in life expectancy
Is inversion symmetry of chromosomes a law of nature?
Chargaff has made, in 1950, the important observation that the numbers of nucleotides in DNA satisfy #A=#T and #G=#C. This played a crucial role in realizing that DNA has a two strand structure with base-pair bindings (of
Halogen bonding assembly of an iodide-binding triple helix
Wind turbines, spiral staircases, and springs—these are a few examples of helices in everyday life. The helix is also a reoccurring concept in mythology, spanning many cultures. In biology, helices are both essential and pervasive. Collagen, the
Environmental light and biological processes in human body
It is well known that the life on Earth originated and has been sustained by the electromagnetic energy from the sun light. In primitive organisms and plants the sun light directly influences biological processes, while in more
A new hypothesis of autoimmune diseases: stress and the nucleolus
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) have complicated pathologies influenced by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Mechanisms of AIDs remain mysteries but numerous hypotheses have been proposed. Several hypotheses are discussed to present their unique explanations and to demonstrate that
Cellular barcoding: giving names to every stem cell
There are many different cell types in the blood, all of different functions and shapes. All these cells are made by the stem cells by a process of lineage commitment and differentiation. How can we monitor this
Gene sequencing validation for select commercial turkey genes
Gene expression analysis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common tool used to determine, using molecular techniques, the physiological basis underlying experiments with animal tissues. Some genes are “turned on” and others silenced in response to
Surprisingly diverse impacts of SMARCB1 loss on gene expression programs in a lethal pediatric cancer
Malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) are aggressive childhood cancers that are often resistant to chemotherapies and spread to other areas in the body (metastasis), making them one of the most lethal solid cancers known. Primary MRTs are frequently
