Tag Archives: human

Is multiple sclerosis triggered by immunological cross-recognition between an ancient virus and brain cell proteins?

AoS. Is multiple sclerosis triggered by immunological cross-recognition

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease where immune cells (T cells) and antibodies progressively damage the myelin sheath surrounding nerve cells leading to their loss of function. We have a reasonable understanding of the disease process

Hidden geometry of human connectomes: a key to higher-order brain functional differences

AoS. Hidden Geometry of Human Connectomes: a key to higher-order Brain functional differences

With its complex circuits, the brain enables the entire human activity, psychology, and behaviour. Its evolutionary adaptation evolved towards a complex structure that supports its functional features. Studies have shown that information processing relies on mechanisms of

Intracranial injections and animal models: towards understanding and treating human disease

AoS. Intracranial injections and animal models: towards understanding and treating human disease

The use of laboratory animals helped us to better understand a myriad of biological processes in health and disease and enabled the development of therapies that effectively cure, or ameliorate life conditions of, millions of people every

Preventing over-treatment in euthyroid patients with thyroid hormone abnormalities

AoS. Preventing over-treatment in euthyroid patients with thyroid hormone abnormalities.

Up to 12% of the U.S. population will be diagnosed with a thyroid condition. Because thyroid hormones affect every cell in the body, hypo- (low) and hyper-(high) thyroidism can be difficult to distinguish from other medical conditions.

Anatomic variation of the nasopalatine canal among dentate, partially edentulous and completely edentulous subjects

The rehabilitation of the upper central incisors with the use of implants is one of the most complex aesthetic challenges. The anterior sector has important anatomical implications: resorption of the alveolar bone and the nasopalatine duct (NPD),

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD): a bifunctional mechanism in human physiology and disease

AoS. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD)

Proteins are the working-units of the cell, which are encoded by thousands of genes that pass their information into an intermediate molecule, the messenger RNA (mRNA). For this flow of information – from genes to RNA (transcription),

New antimicrobial strategies against multidrug-resistant pathogens

AoS. New antimicrobial strategies against multidrug-resistant pathogens

Due to current antibiotic resistance worldwide, there is an urgent need to find new alternative antibacterial approaches capable of dealing with multidrug-resistant pathogens. In fact, the World Health Organization has recently announced the increasing high levels of

Effect of synergism of small molecules against fibrillation process of human serum albumin

AoS. Effect of synergism of small molecules against fibrillation process of human serum albumin.

There are different ways by which small molecules interact with protein and its aggregates. One of it is synergistic interaction of drugs or small molecules against protein aggregates. Protein aggregation is a common cause of neurodegeneration. Most

The dental nerve circulates in a canal within the mandible

The dental nerve circulates in a canal within the mandible. AoS

The inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is a sensitive branch of the trigeminal nerve, the 5th pair of cranial nerves. It has an intraosseous path in the mandible, inside the mandibular canal, where it is accompanied by lymphatic,

HIV-1 alters mitochondria in neurons and contributes to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

HIV-1 alters mitochondria in neurons and contributes. AoS

Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) enters the brain during the initial stages of infection and can cause neurologic dysfunction. Despite the success of HIV treatment through combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), impaired neurocognitive function remains an important problem

New psychoactive substances: metabolites of synthetic cathinones induce cytotoxicity in human neuronal cells

New psychoactive substances. AoS

Recently, a large number of novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) have appeared on the European market. Their growing diffusion has become matter of worldwide concern and alarm for public health authorities, legislators, and clinical health specialists. They are

Profiling biologics in circulating human whole blood

Functional and safety assessments of biologics prior to first-in-human (FIH) is key to understand the mode-of-action and safety profile. We have made use of an ex-vivo whole blood assay for its potential in assessment of antibody-based drug

Non-canonical Wnt signaling and aortic valve stenosis

Even with the countless drugs we have to treat cardiovascular diseases, the majority of these diseases remain without a cure. Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is one of these diseases, characterized by the narrowing of the aortic valve

In the pursuit of personalized medicine; New technologies to study the gut microbiome

Humans have a symbiotic relationship with microbes that reside in and on our bodies.  The human digestive tract contains as many as 1014 of bacterial cells, making it one of the densest and most diverse microbial communities

Spectroscopy of biophotons radiated from a fingertip

What color of light beams are emitting from your fingertips? That is neither a fantasy nor an occult question. If you possessed eyes of extremely high-sensitivity or had a special CCD camera like one used for a

Human motor neurones: so well-known or still unknown?

Movements, the fundamental base of normal human life, are produced when our skeletal muscles contract and relax, submitting to control by special nervous cells, the so-called motor neurones (motoneurones) placed in the spinal cord. It is surprising

The European Human Behaviour and Evolution Association (EHBEA)

London, UK, from 5-8 April The European Human Behaviour and Evolution Association (EHBEA) is an interdisciplinary society that supports the activities of European researchers with an interest in evolutionary accounts of human cognition, behaviour and society. EHBEA

Binding study of fibrinogen and albumin to metal oxide nanoparticles and its relevance in nanomedicine

The binding of proteins to different inorganic surfaces plays an important role in natural processes such as the growth of bone tissue (protein-mineral interactions) and in biotechnological and biomedical applications. Recently, the binding of proteins to metal

Human papillomavirus infection and vaccination

Human papillamoavirus (HPV) is an infection that can be sexually transmitted. A person can get HPV by having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with another person who has the virus. HPV infections are the most common sexually

Meat traditions (and the co-evolution of humans and meat)

If food is indeed “good to think”, as in Lévi-Strauss’ famous maxim, then meat seems to be the supreme example. Meat is truly about us. Besides, the way we deal with meat needs urgent reconsideration due to