Tag Archives: mRNA
Tracking mRNA in living cells using Pepper RNA aptamer
Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are a class of biomolecules that are generated in the nucleus to carry genetic information from the nucleus to different parts of the cells for making functional proteins. Because of their importance, mRNAs’ trafficking
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD): a bifunctional mechanism in human physiology and disease
Proteins are the working-units of the cell, which are encoded by thousands of genes that pass their information into an intermediate molecule, the messenger RNA (mRNA). For this flow of information – from genes to RNA (transcription),
The RAS mRNA G-quadruplex: making undruggable cancer targets druggable
In many cancers, RAS proteins are constitutively activated by their oncogenic mutations or activation of their upstream molecules. RAS proteins play a central role in cancer cell malignancy, and drugs that target RAS are therefore believed to
Frac-seq uncovers widespread RNA dysregulation in severe asthma
Asthma is a common chronic disease consisting of constriction and inflammation of the airways as well as structural changes known as remodelling (Fig. 1). 5-10% of patients have severe asthma, whereby symptoms persist despite regular and correct
mRNA Interactome Capture: a frontier method to discover mRNA-bound proteomes in plants
Cells are the structural and functional basic units of a given organism to support its life. The phenotype of an organism is highly determined by proteins at the molecular level in each cell. Imbalance of gene expression
Mother or father obesity may lead to offspring obesity in the adult life
The process by which early life factors influence offspring health in adulthood is defined as ‘fetal programming’ and is considered a key mechanism for the establishment of chronic diseases in the offspring adulthood. Given the obesity pandemic,
mRNA decay activity in neurons regulates survival of worms at high temperatures
The ability of an organism to quickly alter or fine-tune its gene expression profile as a response to unfavorable and stressful conditions is a vital trait that can determine its chances of growth and survival in unstable
Coordination of DNA transcription and DNA replication by the DNA damage response through the Ddx19 RNA helicase
DNA transcription is a fundamental cellular process that allows gene expression through generation of messenger RNA molecules (mRNA) that are then translated into proteins in the cytoplasm of the cell. However when cells proliferate, another key cellular
Early plant development under stress relies on RNA splicing
Plants are unable to move away from harmful environmental conditions that affect their well-being and that ultimately compromise their growth and thereby crop production. To cope with a constantly changing environment, they have evolved unique and elaborate
The proteins and their mRNAs may be located in different areas of the embryos
All proteins are synthesized in a cell in polysomes (polyribosomes) on the template (mRNA). That is why in molecular embryology, by tacit consent, a presence or absence of the specific mRNA in the cell indicates the presence
Serotonin and sleep regulation: cellular and molecular mechanisms
Serotonin ( 5-HT ) is a neurotransmitter, which plays major roles in several physiological functions including circadian rhythmicity, appetite, thermoregulation, nociception, emotion and cognition. The relationship between 5-HT and sleep was demonstrated by several experiments, including in particular an
Lessons learned from the study of non-cancerous meningioma tumors
Meningiomas are the most common among tumors inside the skull (35.6%). The cellular origin of these tumors is the membrane that surrounds the brain, the meninges (Fig. 1) Most meningiomas are grades I & II according to
A “selfish ribosome” as the origin of cellular life
Could there have been a form of “life” that integrated genetic information, protein translation, and the molecular machinery necessary to replicate itself before the first cells? Might such an entity still exist within our cells as a
MicroRNAs fighting muscle wasting during ageing
Have you ever wondered why we age? With time, our joints, bones and muscles become weaker; wrinkles appear and we lose hair and sense of hearing and sight. However, not only our body experiences external changes; inside,
Uncovering the microRNA landscape in the crop pest nematode Meloidogyne incognita
Plant-parasitic nematodes are small roundworms that predominantly feed on roots and cause crop yield losses. The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita is among the most damaging pests of several crops including cotton, tomato, and soybean. The infective stage
Silencing a microRNA may keep the doctor away for diabetic wounds
Patients with diabetes are frequently afflicted with impaired wound healing that may progress into chronic, diabetic ulcers, often leading to complications including limb amputation with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. These ulcers occur not only in
Certain transcripts synthesized by RNA polymerase III in mammals became polyadenylation-competent
It has been known for 40 years that eukaryotic mRNA molecules contain a region of up to 250 adenine residues at the 3’ end. This poly(A) tail mediates mRNA nuclear export, translation, and protection from degradation in
A new technique for quantification of small RNA variants with a single-nucleotide resolution
Non – protein – coding regions of the genome are widely transcribed to produce non – coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which play a crucial role in various biological processes and diseases. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have
Neurodegeneration-associated RNA-binding protein, FUS, regulates mRNA length
RNA processing, including alternative regulations of transcription initiation, splicing, and 3’ end formation of pre – mRNA, is a highly specialized mechanism that enables to generate multiple isoforms from a single gene. This mechanism expands transcriptome and
Going my way? A tale of enzyme recruitment and activation
Protein synthesis is an energetically costly cellular process, in part due to the metabolic requirements of ribosome assembly and gene-specific messenger RNA (mRNA) production. Consequently, biosynthetic flux through the protein translation pathway is tightly regulated while translational
