Author Archives: Tigran Dadalyan
Advancing medicine and agriculture using proteins that control energy and sugar production
Except for bacteria , most living organisms contain specialized cellular compartments termed mitochondria , that are responsible for breaking down sugars to produce energy for the cell. Plant cells possess a second compartment called chloroplasts , which
Utrasound-guided core-needle biopsy in thyroid nodules: 676 cases with surgical correlation
Thyroid nodules are a frequent problem. Most are benign, but up to 15% of them are malignant tumours. Ultrasound is the indicated technique to explore thyroid and search for nodules. When a nodule is discovered and it
A case of meningo-vascular syphilis associated with bilateral anterior cerebral artery aneurysms
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum, a bacterium of the order of spirochetes, with human beings as the only host. Recently, the drastic increase in the incidence of syphilis worldwide, especially in urban
New, innovative educational tool to promote HPV vaccination
Each year, nearly 14 million Americans become infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection that can cause cancer. While there is a vaccine against the virus, vaccination rates in the United States are disappointingly low,
Personalising meditation with the help of brain research
Therapeutical approach such as meditation (an ancient mind–body practice) that specifically targets stress and associated with it risk factors through regulation of self-related processes may hold potential for lessening the burden of chronic diseases, slowing and possibly
Revised Baux score and updated Charlson comorbidity index associated with mortality in burn patients
A severe burn injury induces significant systemic physiological imbalances. This may lead to subsequent complications, organ failure and death. In the United Kingdom, severe burn injuries (covering at least 15% of total body) leading to substantial hospitalisation
A monkey’s life is full of stress: pressures from a disease and the lack of good food and their effects on abundance
Despite strong links between patterns that individuals deal with others and their success at breeding that ultimately affect the size of animal populations, the particular social and ecological factors that lead to endangerment are not well understood.
Thyroid eye disease: early catch, better fix
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an uncommon condition that affects some people with an overactive thyroid (a condition called Graves’ disease, of whom about a quarter will develop TED). The disease causes swelling of the tissues behind
Novel approach to probe interactions between biomolecules
Biological processes involve interactionsof several macromolecules and characterization of such interactions is important for elucidating these processes. The major problem with such characterization is the transient nature of the complexes formed by the interacting molecules. Single molecule
Using university-sponsored debit cards for indoor tanning services: an update
Numerous studies have established a link between indoor tanning bed use and increased risk for skin cancer. In fact, those who begin using tanning beds before the age of 35 increase their risk for melanoma, the deadliest
Glycogen localisation of AMPK is a regulated process
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic master kinase that plays a key role in maintaining energy homeostasis at cellular and whole body level. Recent evidence links AMPK activation to health benefits, such as increased longevity and
‘No, you choose for me’: The Monty Hall dilemma with pigeons
In the Monty Hall Dilemma (MHD), three doors are presented to human subjects with a prize behind one. Participants choose one door but before opening it, one of the unchosen doors is shown to not have the
A story about FXPOI: inclusions, poly-glycine, and ovulation
In case women cease menstruation before the age of 40, this is called premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This happens to about 1% of the women in the normal population. For women that carry an FMR1 premutation this
Bioengineered human pyloric sphincters with functional muscle and nerves
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a hollow tube that primarily functions to mediate the digestion of the food that we eat into forms of energy and nutrients that the cells and our body can use. The appropriate
Prevention of thromboembolic complications using intermittent pneumatic compression in major brain surgery
Deep venous thrombosis is the most common adverse event after brain surgery ranging from 3 – 26%. We introduced an electric device for the compression of the legs to reduce the risk of thrombosis in the leg
Demyelination and remyelination signalling in multiple sclerosis as an aid to targeted therapy
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterised by demyelination. Demyelination, i.e. damage and erosion of the myelin sheath which protects the nerve fibres, occurs in the white matter of
From palliative to curative treatment – a case of stage IV mucinous colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world and in Sweden, next to breast cancer and prostate cancer. In Sweden, more than 6,000 people are diagnosed with CRC and around 2800 people die
The thymus: a small organ with a mighty big function
The thymus lies in the chest behind the breastbone and above the heart. Relatively large in infancy, it increases in size until puberty and thereafter shrinks to only a few grams in old age. It consists of
How can cancer cells use hydrogen peroxide to strive?
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a well-known antiseptic used in our homes since the 1920s. But did you know that our cells produce this molecule and that at low concentrations H2O2 instructs our cells to do different things,
“Chemobrain” prior to cancer treatment? The cause is probably cancer-related post-traumatic stress
Cancer patients often complain about deficits of attention, memory, and other basic cognitive functions, which considerably impact on their lives. Long time, these problems were simply attributed to side effects of chemotherapy and have therefore been termed
