There is increasing evidence that epigenetic phenotype variation can contribute to environmental adaptation, speciation and evolution. Epigenetic changes of the phenotype are caused by differences in gene expression rather than by alteration of the genetic code. Epigenetic
The marbled crayfish or Marmorkrebs, Procambarus virginalis (Fig. 1A), is the only obligately parthenogenetic decapod crustacean. It was detected in 1995 in the German aquarium trade. With almost 300 publications, it is now one of the best-studied
There is no doubt that cancer is a devastating disease. However, restraining the cancerous cells from spreading throughout the body (invasion) will make it easier to control and possibly cure cancer. β-catenin is one of the proteins
Invasive species have been largely described as one of the main threats to global biodiversity. The European bumblebee Bombus terrestris was intentionally introduced in Chile in 1997 to be used as pollinator in greenhouse tomato crops because
RNA degradative enzymes carry out key steps in regulating gene expression. They are broadly grouped into two groups; exonucleases, that degrade RNA from one end and endonucleases, which cut within the body of an RNA molecule. PMR1
Prognosis after pulmonary resection for primary lung cancer is closely related to tumor stage, since stage predicts the risk recurrence. Lung cancer staging is based on the TNM system that evaluates tumor size and contiguous tissue infiltration