Yearly Archives: 2016
Penetration ability of caffeine and propylene glycol in the skin
The stratum corneum (SC) is the uppermost layer of the skin, which provides an efficient barrier function. This barrier is always an obstacle for cosmetic formulations or medical ointments applied to the skin. The permeation through the
The ADHD diagnose – a way of masking problems in society?
Difficulties with attention and hyperactivity among children have gained increasing concern during the past decades. Journalists, policy makers, researchers, teachers, healthcare professional, social workers, parents and others discuss how children with such difficulties should be understood and
Cyagen Biosciences – Helping you choose the right animal model for your research
While many animal models are available “ off the shelf ” through various repositories and collaborations, generation of novel animal models has allowed for more effective studies, not limited by previously derived lines/ strains. Historically, researchers have
Genital melanoma or genital nevus? Molecular answers to a sensitive question
Melanomas arising in the genital region of women are rare although they are the second most common type of cancer in this area. They occur more frequently in women after menopause and tend to be aggressive because
A new chance for rapamycin
Rapamycin is a bacterially-produced drug first discovered in the soil of Easter Island, and currently used as an immunosuppressant for organ transplantation and the treatment of certain types of cancer. Rapamycin has received popular attention following the
Understanding analogies depend on the integrity of the anterior human prefrontal cortex
In our representation of the world, how do we link distinct domains of knowledge? We employ analogical reasoning. By using analogies, we can identify similarities between distinct situations, allowing us to solve new problems, transfer solutions from
Recycling polymers in the presence of carbon dioxide
Polymers are large molecules which are formed from the joining of smaller molecules (monomers) in a process called polymerisation. They are present in many of the commercial products which we use on a daily basis, from laptops
RIC-3’s effect on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and the implications in health and disease
Signal transmission – cells sending and receiving signals from other cells – is the basis of physiology. Everything our body does essentially, is a result of this cell-to-cell communication and innumerable diseases are the results of this
Cyclophyllidean tapeworms: phylogeny reconstructed
‘Parasite’ is a term used collectively to describe organisms that have the ability to survive at the expense of another organism (the host). They are notorious in being capable of parasitizing a vast range of organisms (insects,
NOXs, generators of electrochemical energy to drive ion fluxes in humans plants and fungi
What is the connection between the ability of the human immune system to destroy invading pathogens, the growth of a pollen tubule on its way to fertilise a flower’s ovum, and the extension of a fungal hypha
Early land plants evolved a simple but effective mechanism to place stomata away from each other
Stomata are one of the key evolutionary features responsible for the successful colonization of land by plants. A stoma is a pore surrounded by a pair of guard cells, when these cells are turgid and inflated the
What the updated Good Publication Practice (GPP3) 2015 guidelines recommends to the Industry
In the past the pharmaceutical industry has been criticised for not publishing all the findings from its clinical trials. The Good Publication Practice 3 (GPP3) guidelines published in September 2015 is an update to the previous guidelines
Oligomers are building blocks of amyloid formation for insulin and its fast analog LisPro
The hormone insulin was discovered in 1921 by Banting and Best, and since that time it has been studied rigorously. At the same time first attempts were made to use insulin for treating diabetes. Insulin was the
Improving testicle cancer staging: understanding pitfalls in the diagnosis of tumor within the body’s interstate highway
Testicular cancer most commonly occurs in young men. Most testicle cancer is a type called testicular germ cell tumors. Testicular germ cell tumors can be further subclassified into tumor subtypes including seminoma and other subtypes grouped into
Dual pathways of aortic degenerative change; Calcification and Fibrosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common type of valvular heart disease and its prevalence increases exponentially with age. Degenerative changes continue to be the most common pathologic causes. In terms of pathologic AS phenotypes, there are
The vegetative insecticidal proteins Vip2S-Vip1S of Bacillus thuringiensis
Bacillus thuringiensis is one of the most successful biological control strategies used as an alternative to the harmful chemical insecticides. Besides the crystals proteins, B. thuringiensis produces during the vegetative growth phase a second generation of insecticidal
Silk patches to repair hearts
The heart is a very sensitive organ. Once it’s “broken”, it doesn’t quite function the same way again. Biologically speaking, a common way of getting your heart broken is when you suffer a heart attack. When the
Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles as nanoheaters to treat cancer
Enhancing the tumours temperature to 41-46 °C represents an oncological therapy known as moderate hyperthermia. To selectively heat up cancer cells, avoiding any damage of the healthy tissues, magnetic nanoparticles (with sizes in the range 10-9-10-7 m)
Transient airborne particulate matters (PM) on subway platform
As the number of people using rapid transit systems (subways) continues to rise in major cities worldwide, increasing attention has been given to the indoor air quality of underground stations. One of most serious air pollutants is
